Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: A/C Technology Basic Principles

Additional Information Sources

Technical Service Handbook outlining action to be taken to rectify current problems. For the repair manual for model-specific repair work. Refe ...

Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants. 1 -  gaseous (invisible) 2&n ...

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Volkswagen Touran Service Manual. Tires, Rolling Noises, General Information
Rolling noise perceived by the human ear is caused by vibrations transmitted from the noise source to the ear via the air. Here we are interested in noises created by certain characteristics of the tires as well as the effects of rolling ...

Volkswagen Touran Service Manual. Tires, Aging
Even tires that look in good shape, new or hardly use and have sufficient tread depth and that are older than 6 years, can age caused by moisture and winter conditions. Tire test show that through continual development, new rubber ...