Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Physical Principles

Volkswagen Touran Service Manual / Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning / A/C System, General Information / A/C Technology Basic Principles / Physical Principles

The four known states of water also apply to air conditioning system refrigerants.

1 -	gaseous (invisible)

2 -

vapor

3 -

fluid

4 -

solid

When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice.

A -	Heat absorption

B -	Heat emission

Heat Transfer

Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no further heat exchange takes place.

A/C Technology Basic Principles

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Pressure and Boiling Point

The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...

Other materials:

Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Stowage compartment in the front centre armrest
Fig. 112 Stowage compartment in the front centre armrest First read and observe the introductory information and safety warnings To open, pull the centre armrest all the way up in the direction of the arrow . To close, guide the armrest down. WARNING The centre armrest coul ...

Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Wheel bolts
Fig. 206 Changing the wheel: loosening the wheel bolts Fig. 207 Changing wheel: tyre valve ① and locations of the anti-theft wheel bolt ② or ③ First read and observe the introductory information and safety warnings Only the spanner delivered with the vehicle should be used to loo ...