Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Insulating glass windscreen
Fig. 79 Metal-coated windscreen
for infrared reflection with communication window (blue area)
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings Insulating glass windscreens have
a coating which reflects infrared radiation. There is a non-coated area above the
in ...
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Fuel consumption
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings For reasons of vehicle registration and vehicle taxation,
the fuel consumption values for some engines may vary from the information given
in this manual for some countries.
Petrol engines: Touran
...
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Pressure and Boiling Point