Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Physical Principles
The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Turn signal and main beam lever
Fig. 75 Turn signal and main
beam lever in the initial position.
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings Move the lever into the desired position:
Right turn signal.
When the ignition is switched off, right parking light .
Left turn sig ...
Volkswagen Touran Service Manual. 12 V Socket
12 V Socket , Removing and Installing
Caution
Using force to remove cigarette lighter sockets
without illumination can result in damage to the
mounting sleeve retainers.
The Cigare ...
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