Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Removing and fitting the head restraints
Fig. 44 Removing the front
head restraint
Fig. 45 Removing a head restraint
of the second or third row of seats
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings Every seat is fitted with a head
restraint. The L-shaped head restraints are each only designed fo ...
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Waxing and polishing the vehicle
First read and observe the introductory
information and safety warnings Waxing
Waxing protects the paintwork. You will need to wax the vehicle with a good
hard wax at the latest when the water does not clearly form
small drops and run off the paintwork when it is clean.
Even if a wax solut ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point