Volkswagen Touran Service Manual: Physical Principles
| The four known states of water also apply to air
conditioning system refrigerants. |
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| When water is heated in a vessel (heat absorption), water
vapor can be seen to rise. If the vapor is further heated
through heat absorption, the visible vapor turns into invisible
gas. The process is reversible. The warmth is extracted from
gaseous water, vapor forms first, then water and then ice. |
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Heat Transfer
| Every substance consists of a mass of moving molecules. The
fast moving molecules of a warmer substance give off some of
their energy to the cooler and thus slower molecules. As a
result, the molecular motion of the warmer substance slows down
and that of the colder substance is accelerated. This process
continues until the molecules of both substances are moving at
the same speed. They are then at the same temperature and no
further heat exchange takes place. |
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The boiling point given in tables for a liquid is always
referenced to an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar (14.5 psi). If
the pressure acting on a fluid changes, its boi ...
Other materials:
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Pedals
Fig. 129 Pedals in vehicles with a manual
gearbox: ① accelerator, ② brake pedal, ③ clutch pedal
Fig. 130 Pedals in vehicles with an automatic
gearbox: ① accelerator, ② brake pedal
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings The operation and freedom ...
Volkswagen Touran Owners Manual. Introduction
This chapter contains information on the following subjects:
→ Warning lamp
→ Preparing the vehicle for working in the engine compartment
→ Opening and closing the bonnet
Before carrying out any work in the engine compartment, always park the
vehicle on a ...
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Pressure and Boiling Point